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| Info-AJIRAS-® Journal ISSN 2429-5396 (Online) / Reference CIF/15/0289M |
American Journal of Innovative Research & Applied Sciences
|
American Journal of innovative
Research & Applied Sciences
Research & Applied Sciences
ISSN 2429-5396 (Online)
OCLC Number: 920041286
OCLC Number: 920041286
| ISSN: 2429-5396 (e) | https://www.american-jiras.com | |
| Web Site Form: v 0.1.05 | JF 22 Cours, Wellington le Clairval, Lillebonne | France |
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Abstarct7-December-2023
| APRIL | VOLUME 22 | ISSUE N° 4 | 2026 |
| ARTICLES | Am. J. innov. res. appl. sci. Volume 22, Issue - 4 (Pages 1-16 (April, 2026PRIL
| ARTICLES | Am. J. innov. res. appl. sci. Volume 22, Issue - 4 (Pages 1-16 (April, 2026PRIL
Authors Contact
*Correspondant author and authors Copyright © 2026:
|Tse Sparthan AZOH 1* | Nkipang A. Nyuykongnoh 1 | and | Lumnwi Modeste 1 |
Affiliation.
1, The University of Bamenda |Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, COLTECH | Bambili | Cameroon
This article is made freely available as part of this journal's Open Access:
[ Doi : DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19785428] ID: [Azoh–Ref3-3-22ajiras200326 ]
*Correspondant author and authors Copyright © 2026:
|Tse Sparthan AZOH 1* | Nkipang A. Nyuykongnoh 1 | and | Lumnwi Modeste 1 |
Affiliation.
1, The University of Bamenda |Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, COLTECH | Bambili | Cameroon
This article is made freely available as part of this journal's Open Access:
[ Doi : DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19785428] ID: [Azoh–Ref3-3-22ajiras200326 ]
ABSTRACT
Background: Concrete production is heavily dependent on cement, whose manufacturing contributes (7–8)% of global anthropogenic CO₂ emissions. Simultaneously, the textile and tannery industries generate vast quantities of hazardous sludge, creating serious environmental disposal challenges in Cameroon where landfilling and incineration remain the primary management strategies. There is consequently a growing need for sustainable valorization alternatives for these industrial waste streams. Objective: This study investigates the technical feasibility of using textile sludge, tannery sludge, and their binary combination as partial cement replacements in concrete production. Methods: Loss-on-ignition, colorimetric, and liquid-liquid extraction methods have been used to assess the physicochemical properties (pH, organic matter, and organic compound profiles) of the sludge samples collected in a clean non-reactive plastic containers. Sieve analysis, moisture content, specific gravity technologies are designed to evaluate the specific gravity, the grain size distribution, water content, apparent density and the volumetric mass of the aggregates. The Dreux–Gorisse formulation approach was used to produce three categories of concrete specimens incorporating 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% cement replacement by sludge (textile only, tannery only, and combined textile + tannery), cured at 22°C over 3, 7, and 28 days. Compressive strength, water absorption, and workability were evaluated. Results: Compressive strength decreased with increasing sludge substitution but remained within acceptable limits for non-load-bearing applications at (10–15)% replacement. Water absorption increased progressively with sludge dosage, ranging from (6.7–7.3)% at 5% replacement to (15.7–16.3)% at 20%. Workability declined slightly with increasing sludge content. The best mechanical performance was recorded at (10–15)% substitution for all three sludge categories. Conclusion: Textile and tannery sludge can substitute up to (10–15)% of cement in concrete without compromising suitability for non-structural and low-load applications, including agricultural facilities. This approach reduces industrial waste disposal burdens and lowers cement consumption, contributing to sustainable construction in Cameroon.
Keywords: tannery sludge; textile sludge; concrete production; compressive strength; cementitious material.
Background: Concrete production is heavily dependent on cement, whose manufacturing contributes (7–8)% of global anthropogenic CO₂ emissions. Simultaneously, the textile and tannery industries generate vast quantities of hazardous sludge, creating serious environmental disposal challenges in Cameroon where landfilling and incineration remain the primary management strategies. There is consequently a growing need for sustainable valorization alternatives for these industrial waste streams. Objective: This study investigates the technical feasibility of using textile sludge, tannery sludge, and their binary combination as partial cement replacements in concrete production. Methods: Loss-on-ignition, colorimetric, and liquid-liquid extraction methods have been used to assess the physicochemical properties (pH, organic matter, and organic compound profiles) of the sludge samples collected in a clean non-reactive plastic containers. Sieve analysis, moisture content, specific gravity technologies are designed to evaluate the specific gravity, the grain size distribution, water content, apparent density and the volumetric mass of the aggregates. The Dreux–Gorisse formulation approach was used to produce three categories of concrete specimens incorporating 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% cement replacement by sludge (textile only, tannery only, and combined textile + tannery), cured at 22°C over 3, 7, and 28 days. Compressive strength, water absorption, and workability were evaluated. Results: Compressive strength decreased with increasing sludge substitution but remained within acceptable limits for non-load-bearing applications at (10–15)% replacement. Water absorption increased progressively with sludge dosage, ranging from (6.7–7.3)% at 5% replacement to (15.7–16.3)% at 20%. Workability declined slightly with increasing sludge content. The best mechanical performance was recorded at (10–15)% substitution for all three sludge categories. Conclusion: Textile and tannery sludge can substitute up to (10–15)% of cement in concrete without compromising suitability for non-structural and low-load applications, including agricultural facilities. This approach reduces industrial waste disposal burdens and lowers cement consumption, contributing to sustainable construction in Cameroon.
Keywords: tannery sludge; textile sludge; concrete production; compressive strength; cementitious material.
ARTICLE 1 PDF
Friday, September 19, 2025
Evaluating the Mechanical Properties of Concrete Containing Textile and Tannery Sludge as Partial Cement ReplacementSend Comments
| Tse Sparthan AZOH 1* | Nkipang A. Nyuykongnoh 1 | and | Lumnwi Modeste 1 |. Am. J. innov. res. appl. sci. 2026; 22(4:1-16.
| PDF FULL TEXT | | XML FILE | | HTML FILE | | Abstract and Author Contact | | [ Doi : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19785428] |
| PDF FULL TEXT | | XML FILE | | HTML FILE | | Abstract and Author Contact | | [ Doi : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19785428] |