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ABSTRACT

Introduction: At the end of an ethnobotanical survey in the district of Abidjan, ten medicinal Asteraceae frequently used in primary health care among poor people and especially to treat infectious diseases, were selected to carry out an antibacterial screening. Objectives: This study is part of the search for new natural therapeutics through plants of our immediate environment. Methods: Twenty extracts including ten aqueous total extracts (ATE) and ten ethanolic fractions (EF70 %) were tested in vitro on fifteen Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and ten Pseudomonas. aeruginosa (CRPA). Results: Ten extracts showed antibacterial activities with inhibition diameters from 9 to 19 mm on Gram + bacteria and from 9 to 12 mm on Gram – bacteria. These activities are comparable to those of certain antibiotics such as FOX, OXA, CAZ, IPM whose inhibition diameters respectively ranged from 11 to 19 mm, 14 to 20 mm, 15 to 18 mm and 13 to 15 mm on the same bacteria. The most active plants are Eclipta prostrata, Acanthospermum hispidum, Aspilia africana, Ageratum conyzoides and Erigeron floribundus. They were each either bacteriostatic or bactericidal. The activity of these weeds could be justified by the presence of numerous secondary metabolites in the different tested extracts. Conclusion: These results show that some of the studied plants could be potential sources of new antibacterial agents against antibiotic-resistant strains.
Keywords: Antibacterial activity, ethnobotany, secondary metabolites, medicinal plant.